Focal length is a measure of the strength of the lens it is measured in MM and gives us a different angle of view, the longer the focal length the narrower angle of view.
A normal standard lens Is 50 MM which is equivalent to human vision whereas a wide angle lens is 18 MM and not so similar to the human, A telephoto lens which is 100 MM and if your going out on safari you will need around a 500 MM lens.
The difference between a "zoom" and a "prime" lens are that a zoom lens you can change the angle of view with multiple focal lengths compared to the prime lens where you have only have one focal length.m
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